Solution:
Amplitude Modulation (AM) and Frequency Modulation (FM) are methods of broadcasting radio signals. Both transfer the information in form of electromagnetic waves.
AM operates by modulating (varying) the amplitude of the signal (or carrier) transmitted according to the information being transmitted while the frequency stays constant.
The Advantages of Amplitude Modulation (AM) and Frequency Modulation (FM) are as follows:
Advantages of Amplitude Modulation over Frequency Modulation:
1) The advantage of Amplitude Modulation (AM) is that it is moderately simple to detect with simple equipment, also if the signal is not very strong.
2) Amplitude Modulation (AM) has a narrower bandwidth than Frequency Modulation (FM) and has a wider range as compared with Frequency Modulation (FM).
3) Transmitter and receiver in the Amplitude Modulation (AM) are uncomplicated, whereas, in Frequency Modulation (FM), transmitter and receiver are more complicated as a variation of modulating signal has to be transformed and detected from the related variation in frequencies (like voltage to frequency and frequency to voltage conversion has to be performed.)
4) Amplitude modulation (AM) is inexpensive and can be transferred over a large distance while Frequency Modulation (FM) signals are affected by physical obstacles and can’t be sent over long distances.
5) Transmission spectrum of an Amplitude Modulation (AM) is up to 500 km while on other, Frequency Modulation (FM) transmission range is approx. 30 km.
6) Amplitude Modulation (AM) has a short bandwidth, hence more stations can be broadcast, on the other end, the large Frequency Modulation (FM) bandwidth restricts the number of stations for a given waveband.
7) Amplitude Modulation (AM) requires low-frequency carriers as compared to Frequency Modulation (FM).
8) Amplitude Modulation (AM) is economical as well as easily available.
9) It is so easy to implement an Amplitude Modulation (AM), and by using a circuit with more occasional components it can be demodulated.
10) The receiver of Amplitude Modulation (AM) is affordable because it doesn’t need any specialized components as compared to Frequency Modulation (FM).
Advantage of Frequency Modulation over Amplitude Modulation:
The advantages of frequency modulation over amplitude modulation are given as follow:
1) All the transmitted power in Frequency Modulation (FM) is useful, while on other, in Amplitude Modulation (AM) most of the transmitted power is in a carrier that holds no information.
2) The amplitude of Frequency Modulation (FM) is constant which creates it independent of the modulation deception, and in Amplitude Modulation (AM) modulation depth handles the transmitted power.
3) In Frequency Modulation (FM) if there are two or more signals obtained at an identical frequency, the Frequency Modulation (FM) receiver will catch the stronger signal and eradicate the weaker signal. Yet in Amplitude Modulation (AM) if there are more than two signals obtained at the identical frequency, then both will be demodulated which can cause interference.
4) Frequency Modulation (FM) works in upper VHF and UHF fields, where noise impacts are less. While on the other hand, Amplitude Modulation (AM) broadcast works in the Medium Frequency (MF) as well as High Frequency (HF) which are easily impacted due to noise.
5) Noise in Frequency Modulation (FM) is decreased to a large extent by utilizing amplitude limiters to diminish the amplitude changes generated by noise. Yet, these amplitude limiters can’t be utilized in Amplitude Modulation (AM) as information is retained in the amplitude variation of the signal. Therefore, Frequency Modulation (FM) reception is more immune to noise than Amplitude Modulation (AM) reception.
6) In an Amplitude Modulation (AM), there is no guard band in between two neighboring channels. This enormously raises the happening of interference of Amplitude Modulation (AM) radio stations unless one signal is strong sufficient to overpower the other. however, in the case of Frequency Modulation (FM) signal, the neighboring FM channels are divided by guard bands which results in extremely small interference between neighboring Frequency Modulation (FM) channels.
7) In Amplitude Modulation (AM) systems, the power consumption for signal communication is more elevated when resembled Frequency Modulation (FM) systems. In Amplitude Modulation (AM) systems, the power relies on the modulation index even named “MA”. When MA arrives at unity, the power consumption is 100%. While in Frequency Modulation (FM) systems, the power of the transferred signal is proportionate to the amplitude of the un-modulated carrier signal also it is constant. Hence Frequency Modulation (FM) is usually power-efficient than Amplitude Modulation (AM) systems.
8) The noise in Frequency Modulation (FM) can be additionally decreased by improving the deviation, which is not in Amplitude Modulation (AM).
